Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Antiphospholipid syndrome in the paediatric population: performance of ACR-EULAR classification criteria in a controlled cohort.

Lupus science & medicine·2026
Same author

Local and global microstructural and functional thalamomotor connectivity alterations in Parkinson's disease following motor learning.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Sebetralstat for on-demand treatment of hereditary angioedema: A pooled analysis of placebo-controlled clinical trials.

The World Allergy Organization journal·2026
Same author

[Two Sides of the Same Coin: Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis or Hypereosinophilic Syndrome - A Case Report].

Harefuah·2026
Same author

Neural correlates of Parkinson's improvements after combined digital-levodopa therapy: a pilot study.

Brain communications·2026
Same author

The genetic and clinical characteristics of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy patients in Israel.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases·2026
Same journal

FAM234A acts as a switch between Th17 and Treg cell fate decisions that control inflammatory bowel disease.

Cellular & molecular immunology·2026
Same journal

Targeting SPP1 requires moving beyond ligand blockade.

Cellular & molecular immunology·2026
Same journal

USP9X trims STAT1 to curb oncostatin M activity and intestinal inflammation.

Cellular & molecular immunology·2026
Same journal

Itaconate induces noncanonical AIM2-dependent PANoptosis in sepsis.

Cellular & molecular immunology·2026
Same journal

EZH2: an epigenetic governor of T-cell Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis.

Cellular & molecular immunology·2026
Same journal

Vimentin trogocytosis as a novel mechanism of NK cell exhaustion by circulating tumor cells.

Cellular & molecular immunology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

Thymoma and autoimmunity.

Shahar Shelly1, Nancy Agmon-Levin, Arie Altman

  • 1The Zabludovicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.

Cellular & Molecular Immunology
|February 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thymoma, a common anterior mediastinal tumor, is linked to autoimmune diseases due to impaired T cells from the

More Related Videos

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Na&iuml;ve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

Preparation and Applications of Organotypic Thymic Slice Cultures
10:10

Preparation and Applications of Organotypic Thymic Slice Cultures

Published on: August 6, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Na&iuml;ve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

Preparation and Applications of Organotypic Thymic Slice Cultures
10:10

Preparation and Applications of Organotypic Thymic Slice Cultures

Published on: August 6, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • The thymus is crucial for T cell maturation and self-tolerance.
  • Thymoma, the most common anterior mediastinal tumor, is associated with autoimmunity.
  • Understanding thymoma's role in autoimmunity is vital for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review scientific evidence on thymoma and autoimmune disease interactions.
  • To explore proposed mechanisms linking thymoma to loss of self-tolerance.
  • To present theories on impaired T cell generation in thymoma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific evidence.
  • Compilation of data on thymoma and associated autoimmune conditions.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms for impaired T cell function.

Main Results:

  • Thymoma is linked to various autoimmune diseases, including myasthenia gravis and lupus.
  • Impaired T cells generated by the 'sick' thymus may cause autoreactivity.
  • The review highlights the complex relationship between thymoma and autoimmunity.

Conclusions:

  • Thymoma can disrupt self-tolerance, leading to autoimmune conditions.
  • Impaired T cell production by thymoma is a key factor in autoimmunity.
  • Further research into thymoma-associated autoimmunity is warranted.