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Related Experiment Videos

Economic development and fertility.

D M Heer1

  • 1Harvard University School of Public Health, USA.

Demography
|February 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Economic development directly increases fertility, but factors like education and lower infant mortality reduce it. Government spending on health and education can enhance fertility reduction alongside economic growth.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Demography
  • Economics
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Conflicting theories exist on economic development's impact on fertility: one suggests inhibition, another promotion.
  • The demographic transition in non-developed countries supports the inhibition theory.
  • Historical perspectives, like Thomas Malthus', suggest economic development promotes fertility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reconcile opposing viewpoints on the relationship between economic development and fertility.
  • To hypothesize that economic development's direct effect is fertility increase, counteracted by accompanying factors.
  • To investigate the interplay of economic growth, education, and mortality on fertility rates.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 41 nations during the 1950s.
  • Statistical examination of the association between per capita net national product and fertility, controlling for other variables.
  • Investigation of the relationship between per capita newspaper circulation, infant mortality, and fertility.

Main Results:

  • Fertility shows a direct association with per capita net national product when other variables are controlled.
  • Per capita newspaper circulation is inversely related to fertility.
  • Infant mortality is directly related to fertility.

Conclusions:

  • The study supports the hypothesis that economic development's direct impact is to increase fertility.
  • Factors accompanying economic development, such as increased education and reduced infant mortality, are key to fertility reduction.
  • Government investment in health and education can amplify fertility decline resulting from economic growth.