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Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Ending Relationships

The dissolution of intimate relationships presents complex emotional and psychological challenges, particularly when emotional bonds are strong, the relationship is long-standing, and perceived alternatives are limited. This distress often intensifies in romantic breakups, where the initiator may experience greater turmoil than the rejected partner. Contributing factors include residual attachment, guilt over causing pain, and uncertainty about how to manage the situation. The stress is further...
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Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...

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An Olfactory Preference Test for Measuring Olfactory Hedonic Biases in Mouse Models of Depression
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Published on: July 11, 2025

Pain and rejection sensitivity in bipolar depression.

Anna Ehnvall1, Philip B Mitchell, Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic

  • 1Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Gothenburg University, and Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic, Oskarsdalgatan 7, Varberg, Sweden. anna.ehnvall@lthalland.se

Bipolar Disorders
|February 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Increased rejection sensitivity during depression predicts headaches and chest pain in bipolar disorder patients. Trait rejection sensitivity did not correlate with pain experiences.

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04:42

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Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Bipolar disorder is often accompanied by pain, but its correlates are not well understood.
  • Neuroimaging suggests shared neurobiological pathways for depression, pain distress, and rejection distress.
  • Previous research linked increased pain during unipolar depression to heightened rejection sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between rejection sensitivity and pain perception in individuals with bipolar depression.
  • To determine if state rejection sensitivity (during depression) or trait rejection sensitivity (general tendency) predicts pain.

Main Methods:

  • Data from 67 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (DSM-IV criteria) were analyzed.
  • Patients completed self-report questionnaires assessing perceived pain and rejection sensitivity during depressive episodes.
  • Statistical analysis examined the predictive power of state and trait rejection sensitivity on pain experiences.

Main Results:

  • Heightened state rejection sensitivity significantly predicted increased experiences of headaches (p=0.003) and chest pain (p=0.004) during bipolar depression.
  • Trait rejection sensitivity, a general disposition, did not predict pain experienced during depressive episodes.
  • Findings indicate a specific link between current feelings of rejection sensitivity and physical pain in bipolar depression.

Conclusions:

  • Increased headaches and chest pain during bipolar depression are associated with heightened rejection sensitivity experienced during the depressive state.
  • This study highlights the importance of addressing rejection sensitivity in managing pain symptoms in bipolar disorder.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand and potentially leverage this relationship for therapeutic interventions.