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Conjugated double bonds in lipid bilayers: a molecular dynamics simulation study.

Guijun Zhao1, P V Subbaiah, See-Wing Chiu

  • 1Department of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 60616, United States.

Chemistry and Physics of Lipids
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Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) isomers, cis 9 trans 11 (C9T11) and trans 10 cis 12 (T10C12), exhibit distinct biological effects. Molecular Dynamics simulations reveal structural differences in lipid bilayers, potentially explaining their varied impacts.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are naturally occurring fatty acids in dairy products.
  • Two key isomers, cis 9 trans 11 (C9T11) and trans 10 cis 12 (T10C12), possess different biological activities, with C9T11 linked to anti-cancer and T10C12 to anti-obesity effects.
  • CLA isomers are incorporated into cell membrane phospholipids, influencing membrane structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the comparative effects of C9T11 and T10C12 CLA isomers on lipid bilayer structure using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations.
  • To identify localized physical differences in lipid bilayers induced by the two CLA isomers.
  • To correlate observed structural differences with potential mechanisms underlying their distinct biological effects.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations were performed on phosphatidylcholine lipid bilayers containing either C9T11 or T10C12 isomers in the sn-2 chain.
  • Ab initio calculations were used to derive force field parameters for the torsional potential of double bonds.
  • Key structural properties, including area per molecule, density profiles, bilayer thickness, tail chain tilt angles, order parameter profiles, radial distribution function (RDF), and lateral pressure profiles, were calculated and compared.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences were observed in the order parameter profiles of the sn-2 chains between the two isomers: C9T11 showed a dip in the middle, while T10C12 exhibited a deeper dip near the chain terminus.
  • Lateral pressure profiles also revealed distinct differences between the lipid bilayers containing the two CLA isomers.
  • These findings indicate localized physical structural variations induced by each isomer within the lipid bilayer.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates that C9T11 and T10C12 CLA isomers induce distinct localized physical structural changes in lipid bilayers.
  • These structural differences may mediate the differential biological effects of the isomers, potentially through altered interactions with membrane proteins or cholesterol.
  • MD simulations provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the distinct bioactivities of CLA isomers.