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Blood pressure reference intervals for healthy adult chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

J J Ely1, T Zavaskis, M L Lammey

  • 1Alamogordo Primate Facility, Holloman Air Force Base, NM 88330-0956, USA. john.ely@crl.com

Journal of Medical Primatology
|February 18, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Researchers defined normal blood pressure (BP) ranges for chimpanzees, establishing criteria for hypertension. Elevated BP in these animals is linked to a significantly higher risk of mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Primate Health
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in captive chimpanzees.
  • Lack of defined clinical standards for normotension and hypertension hinders diagnosis in this species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish reliable reference intervals for chimpanzee blood pressure.
  • To define clinical criteria for normotension, pre-hypertension, and hypertension in captive chimpanzees.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of blood pressure data from 261 healthy adult captive chimpanzees over one year.
  • Application of consistent health assessment criteria.
  • Utilized contemporary methods from human laboratory medicine.

Main Results:

  • Systolic blood pressure correlated with body weight; diastolic blood pressure correlated with age.
  • Median normotension defined as 126/63 mmHg, with an upper limit of 147/84 mmHg.
  • Pre-hypertension and hypertension categories established (≥148/85 mmHg).
  • Prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 15%, associated with a 2.60 relative risk of mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Established reliable reference intervals for chimpanzee blood pressure using human medicine standards.
  • Enabled accurate diagnosis of hypertension and pre-hypertension in chimpanzees.
  • Demonstrated a significant association between elevated blood pressure and increased mortality risk.
Abstract

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