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Single subcutaneous dosing of cefovecin in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta): a pharmacokinetic study

J Bakker1, L R Thuesen, G Braskamp

  • 1Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands. bakker@bprc.nl

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|February 18, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Cefovecin, an antibiotic for dogs and cats, is not suitable for rhesus monkeys due to rapid elimination and low plasma concentrations. Bacterial resistance further limits its use for skin wound infections in this species.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pharmacology
  • Primate Medicine
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • Cefovecin is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a 14-day dosing interval, approved for dogs and cats.
  • Its broad spectrum and long duration suggest potential utility in zoo and wildlife veterinary medicine.
  • The study investigated cefovecin's efficacy for preventing skin wound infections in rhesus monkeys.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of cefovecin in rhesus monkeys.
  • To determine the sensitivity of bacterial isolates from rhesus monkey skin wounds to cefovecin.
  • To assess the suitability of cefovecin for treating skin wounds in rhesus monkeys.

Main Methods:

  • Four rhesus monkeys received a single subcutaneous injection of cefovecin (8 mg/kg).
  • Blood, urine, and feces were collected to determine cefovecin concentrations.
  • Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined for bacteria isolated from monkey skin wounds.

Main Results:

  • Mean maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 78 μg/mL, achieved at 57 minutes.
  • Mean elimination half-life (t½) was 6.6 hours, with primary excretion via urine.
  • Most bacterial isolates exhibited MICs greater than 100 μg/mL, exceeding cefovecin plasma levels.

Conclusions:

  • Cefovecin's pharmacokinetic profile in rhesus monkeys differs significantly from dogs and cats.
  • Rapid Cmax achievement, lower than most MICs, and a very short t½ render cefovecin ineffective.
  • Cefovecin is not recommended for treating skin wounds in rhesus monkeys based on this study.

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