Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...

In Vitro Fertilization

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...

Infertility in Females

Infertility in Females

Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of endometrial...

Automated Microbial Diagnostics

Automated Microbial Diagnostics

Automated diagnostic analyzers have transformed clinical microbiology by providing rapid and reliable methods for pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Among these systems, the Vitek 2 is widely used because it automates the traditionally labor-intensive processes of microbial identification (ID) and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), delivering standardized and timely results that are essential for effective patient care.Microbial Identification with ID CardsThe...

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The challenges of achieving patient satisfaction in the field of reproductive medicine.

F&S reports·2025

Same author

Update on preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy and outcomes of embryos with mosaic results.

Minerva obstetrics and gynecology·2022

Same author

Intergenerational gestational surrogacy in a patient with ovarian dysgerminocarcinoma.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·2021

Same author

The impact of assisted reproductive technologies in the human experience.

Minerva endocrinologica·2018

Same author

Fertility preservation for social and oncofertility indications.

Minerva endocrinologica·2017

Same author

Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy: what technology should you use and what are the differences?

Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics·2016

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

At home testing: optimizing management for the infertility physician.

Paul R Brezina¹, Elisabeth Haberl, Edward Wallach

¹Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. pbrezin1@jhmi.edu

Fertility and Sterility

|February 18, 2011

Summary

Over-the-counter (OTC) infertility tests offer patients convenient options, but scientific validation varies. Understanding test limitations is crucial for effective use and potential cost savings in fertility care.

More Related Videos

Collection of Human Follicular Fluid, Follicle Somatic Cells, and Immature Oocytes from Individuals Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization

Collection of Human Follicular Fluid, Follicle Somatic Cells, and Immature Oocytes from Individuals Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization

Published on: October 24, 2025

Low-Cost, Volume-Controlled Dipstick Urinalysis for Home-Testing

Low-Cost, Volume-Controlled Dipstick Urinalysis for Home-Testing

Published on: May 8, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Collection of Human Follicular Fluid, Follicle Somatic Cells, and Immature Oocytes from Individuals Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization

Collection of Human Follicular Fluid, Follicle Somatic Cells, and Immature Oocytes from Individuals Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization

Published on: October 24, 2025

Low-Cost, Volume-Controlled Dipstick Urinalysis for Home-Testing

Low-Cost, Volume-Controlled Dipstick Urinalysis for Home-Testing

Published on: May 8, 2021

Area of Science:

Reproductive Medicine
Medical Diagnostics

Background:

The infertility testing market is a significant and growing industry.
Patients increasingly seek accessible diagnostic tools for fertility assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and describe available over-the-counter (OTC) testing products for infertility patients.
To assess the usefulness and validity of these consumer-based diagnostic tools.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature search using Medline.
Utilized online search engines for product identification.
Engaged in direct communication with manufacturers for product information.

Main Results:

Some at-home infertility tests have undergone scientific validation, while others lack rigorous scrutiny.
The efficacy and reliability of many OTC fertility products remain undetermined.

Conclusions:

At-home testing can enhance patient engagement in their fertility care journey.
Proper utilization may lead to cost savings, but limitations must be recognized by both physicians and consumers.
Innovative technologies in OTC testing hold potential as valuable adjuncts to clinical practice with proper evaluation.