Distributed Loads: Problem Solving
Optimal Foraging
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving
Optimization Problems
Methods of Medium Optimization
Ampere-Maxwell's Law: Problem-Solving
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This study introduces a hybrid ant colony optimization (HACOA) algorithm to solve an extended capacitated arc routing problem (CARP) with service time and investment costs. HACOA demonstrates superior performance over existing heuristics for complex routing challenges.
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