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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
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High eggshell temperatures during incubation decrease growth performance and increase the incidence of ascites in

R Molenaar1, R Hulet, R Meijerhof

  • 1HatchTech Incubation Technology BV, 3900 AG Veenendaal, the Netherlands. rmolenaar@hatchtech.nl

Poultry Science
|February 18, 2011
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High eggshell temperatures (EST) during incubation reduce broiler hatchling quality and growth. However, this practice increases breast meat yield but significantly elevates ascites incidence, a metabolic disorder linked to heart development.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Poultry Science
  • Avian Physiology

Background:

  • High eggshell temperatures (EST) during incubation negatively impact broiler development.
  • Elevated EST is linked to reduced heart development and increased metabolic disorders like ascites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of high EST on broiler chick quality.
  • To assess the impact of high EST on growth performance and ascites incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Eggs were incubated at normal (37.8°C) or high (38.9°C) EST from day 7.
  • Chicks were raised under normal or cold temperature schedules post-hatch.
  • Evaluated hatchability, quality, body weight, feed conversion, mortality, and ascites incidence.

Main Results:

  • High EST decreased yolk-free body mass and relative heart weights at hatch.
  • Body weight was reduced during grow-out, but breast meat yield increased by 1.0%.
  • High EST significantly increased total mortality (4.1%) and ascites-related mortality (3.8%).

Conclusions:

  • High EST incubation impairs broiler hatchling quality and growth performance.
  • Despite increased breast meat yield, high EST elevates ascites incidence, potentially due to reduced heart development.
  • Findings suggest careful management of EST is crucial for broiler health and welfare.