Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 4, 2026
06:46
Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
Published on: September 27, 2024
Risk factors for sessile serrated adenomas
Joseph Carl Anderson1, Priya Rangasamy, Tarun Rustagi
1Department of Gastroenterology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, New Haven, CT 06030-1845, USA. joanderson@uchc.edu
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
|February 18, 2011
Summary
Smoking at least 20 pack-years is strongly linked to sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs), a precursor to colorectal cancer. This finding has significant implications for CRC screening strategies.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) are an emerging pathway for colorectal cancer (CRC) development.
- Risk factors for SSAs remain largely unknown, despite their potential significance.
- Shared molecular abnormalities, like BRAF mutations, exist between SSAs and smokers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between smoking and the presence of sessile serrated adenomas.
- To identify potential risk factors for SSAs.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with SSAs between January 2007 and September 2010.
- Inclusion of two control groups: patients with no adenomas and patients with tubular adenomas.
- Collection of data on demographics, medical history, lifestyle factors (including smoking pack-years), and serum lipids.
Main Results:
- Smokers with ≥20 pack-year exposure showed a significantly increased risk for any SSA (OR=7.31) and large SSAs (OR=10.20) compared to non-smokers.
- The association between smoking and SSAs was also observed when comparing SSAs to tubular adenomas.
- Diabetes mellitus and obesity were also noted as potential associated factors.
Conclusions:
- Smoking ≥20 pack-years is a strong risk factor for developing SSAs, including large ones.
- Diabetes and obesity may also be associated with SSAs.
- These findings underscore the importance of smoking cessation and may inform CRC screening protocols.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:21Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction
Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more similar...
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more similar...
01:19Appendicitis
Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
01:25Assessment of the Rectum and Anus
Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
01:28Amebiasis
Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
01:27Diverticular Disease of the Colon
Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
01:30Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction
Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...