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Related Concept Videos

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants01:18

Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants

Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
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Reduction of Radiation Exposure during Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease Combining Fiber Optic RealShape Technology and Intravascular Ultrasound
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Heparin in interventional radiology: a therapy in evolution.

Stuart B Resnick1, Stephanie H Resnick, Joshua L Weintraub

  • 1Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.

Seminars in Interventional Radiology
|February 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Heparin and its newer low-molecular-weight forms (LMWHs) revolutionized treatments, but limitations persist. Research now focuses on targeted antithrombotic agents, offering a promising future beyond traditional anticoagulants.

Keywords:
Heparinanticoagulationbivalirudinhirudininterventional radiologylow-molecular-weight heparin

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Rapid Point-of-Care Assay of Enoxaparin Anticoagulant Efficacy in Whole Blood
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Published on: October 12, 2012

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

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Rapid Point-of-Care Assay of Enoxaparin Anticoagulant Efficacy in Whole Blood
11:17

Rapid Point-of-Care Assay of Enoxaparin Anticoagulant Efficacy in Whole Blood

Published on: October 12, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Interventional Radiology

Background:

  • Heparin's antithrombotic properties have been crucial for interventional radiology.
  • Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) offer advantages over unfractionated heparin (UFH) in chronic settings and vascular procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of antithrombotic agents, including UFH, LMWH, and newer direct antithrombin drugs.
  • To discuss the limitations of current anticoagulants and the potential of next-generation agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of UFH, LMWH, and direct antithrombin agents.
  • Comparative analysis of strengths and weaknesses of different antithrombotic therapies.
  • Discussion of emerging anticoagulant options like hirudins.

Main Results:

  • LMWHs offer benefits but share limitations with UFH, such as heterogeneity and thrombocytopenia.
  • Homogeneous drugs targeting specific coagulation factors represent a new generation of antithrombotics.
  • Clinicians face numerous choices with various anticoagulant combinations.

Conclusions:

  • Despite advancements, current antithrombotics have drawbacks, driving the search for improved agents.
  • LMWHs and newer direct antithrombin agents, including hirudins, show significant promise for future antithrombotic therapy.