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Related Concept Videos

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I, duplicated...
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Subcloning Plus Insertion (SPI) - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
09:02

Subcloning Plus Insertion (SPI) - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

Published on: January 8, 2015

Oligonucleotide recombination: a hidden treasure.

Bryan Swingle1, Eric Markel, Samuel Cartinhour

  • 1United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY, USA. Swingle@ars.usda.gov

Bioengineered Bugs
|February 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recombineering allows genetic modifications in wild-type bacteria without phage proteins. This method expands possibilities for bacterial bioengineering across diverse species.

Keywords:
RecETallelic exchangebacteriagene conversionhomologous recombinationlambda redoligonucleotide recombinationrecombineering

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Subcloning Plus Insertion (SPI) - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
09:02

Subcloning Plus Insertion (SPI) - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

Published on: January 8, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Genetic Engineering

Background:

  • Recombineering is a powerful technique for genetic modification in bacteria.
  • Current methods often rely on phage-encoded proteins, limiting broad applicability.
  • Wild-type bacterial strains present unique challenges for genetic manipulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate recombineering in wild-type bacterial cells without exogenous phage proteins.
  • To explore the fundamental mechanisms of oligo recombination.
  • To propose strategies for enhancing recombineering utility in bioengineering.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing recombineering with synthetic oligonucleotides in wild-type bacterial hosts.
  • Characterizing the efficiency and scope of DNA modifications.
  • Analyzing the underlying molecular mechanisms of oligo recombination.

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of recombineering in wild-type bacteria without phage proteins.
  • Identification of key features governing oligo recombination efficiency.
  • Validation of the potential for diverse genetic alterations.

Conclusions:

  • Recombineering in wild-type bacteria is feasible without phage proteins, broadening its applicability.
  • Understanding oligo recombination is crucial for advancing bacterial bioengineering.
  • Proposed strategies offer a roadmap for expanding recombineering's use in synthetic biology.