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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Poverty in Edwardian Britain.

Ian Gazeley¹, Andrew Newell

¹University of Sussex.

The Economic History Review

|February 19, 2011

Summary

Newly discovered 1904 household data reveal significant urban poverty in the British Isles. Over 23% of urban working individuals and 18% of households fell below the poverty line, particularly laborers.

Area of Science:

Socioeconomic History
Economic History
British History

Background:

Analysis of historical household budget data from 1904.
Focus on urban working families in the British Isles.
Utilizes Bowley's poverty line for assessment.

Observation:

A newly discovered dataset provides insights into 1904 household finances.
Poverty rates are estimated for urban working populations.
The skill gradient of poverty is notably steep, with laborers' households experiencing higher rates.

Findings:

At least 23% of individuals and 18% of households in urban working families had insufficient income.
Poverty levels exceed Rowntree's 1899 estimates for York.
Poverty depth measures are low, indicating most poor households were near the poverty line.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Implications:

Highlights the prevalence of poverty among British working families in the early 20th century.
Provides a benchmark for historical poverty studies and comparisons.
Suggests targeted interventions may have been effective in mitigating extreme poverty depth.