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Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
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Latencies in BOLD response during visual attention processes.

Thilo Kellermann1, Martina Reske, Andreas Jansen

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. tkellermann@ukaachen.de

Brain Research
|February 19, 2011
PubMed
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This study investigated the brain

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Background:

  • Attentional processes are divided into alerting, orienting, and executive control.
  • The Attentional Network Test (ANT) assesses these processes.
  • Previous research suggests right-hemispheric dominance for alerting and orienting, but not phasic alertness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of neural correlates of attention.
  • To examine the impact of attention lateralization on phasic alertness using a lateralized ANT.
  • To understand the interplay between intrinsic and phasic alertness neural substrates.

Main Methods:

  • Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used.
  • Sixteen healthy subjects performed a lateralized version of the ANT.

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  • Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal magnitude and latency were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • fMRI analyses confirmed a fronto-parietal network engagement for attentional subsystems.
    • The thalamus showed greater activation for left visual field stimuli.
    • Faster BOLD responses were observed for contralateral stimuli, with attention-modulated activation in visual and cingulate cortices.

    Conclusions:

    • Neural substrates of intrinsic alertness may be accessed by phasic alertness under specific conditions.
    • Bottom-up and lateralization processes play a role in attentional network functioning.
    • Direct activation of the attention-dominant right hemisphere by warning stimuli influences alertness.