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Related Concept Videos

Micelles01:30

Micelles

Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...
Surface Active Agents01:27

Surface Active Agents

Surfactants, named for their behavior at interfaces, positively adsorb at the interfaces of two phases, reducing interfacial tension. Their versatility as emulsifiers, detergents, and foaming agents stems from this ability. Surfactants, often termed amphiphiles, share the property of amphipathy, with molecules having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions. The hydrophilic part is called the head, and the hydrophobic part, including an elongated alkyl substituent, forms the tail.Surfactants...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with cytoskeletal...
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins01:18

Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins

Detergents are used to purify the integral proteins of the membrane. The hydrophobic portion of the detergent can replace membrane phospholipids while solubilizing the membrane proteins. When detergent monomers reach a specific concentration in a solution called critical micelle concentration (CMC), they form micelles. Above CMC, the concentration of the detergent monomers remains in equilibrium with the micelle. The number of detergent monomers present in the CMC varies for each detergent, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro
10:01

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro

Published on: April 8, 2020

Dynamic assembly of anionic surfactant into highly-ordered vesicles.

H Gevgilili1, D Kalyon, E Birinci

  • 1Stevens Institute of Technology, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|February 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel twin screw extrusion method efficiently transforms linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) pastes into stable, spherulitic vesicles. This dynamic assembly process overcomes material challenges, enabling new applications in templating and encapsulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Colloid and Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Concentrated linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) pastes exhibit challenging viscoplasticity and wall slip.
  • The transformation of lamellar structures into vesicles is crucial for various applications but difficult to control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly-efficient dynamic assembly method for transforming LAS lamellar structures into spherulitic vesicles.
  • To overcome the processing limitations of concentrated anionic surfactant pastes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized twin screw extrusion combining drag and pressure flows.
  • Investigated the dynamic assembly of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) with sodium silicate.
  • Analyzed changes in viscoelastic properties during structure transformation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved stable vesicular nanostructures with diameters ranging from 300-600 nm.
  • Successfully mitigated viscoplasticity and wall slip behavior of the surfactant paste.
  • Observed significant increases in storage/loss moduli and complex viscosity magnitude.

Conclusions:

  • The combined drag and pressure flow method enables controlled dynamic assembly of stable vesicles.
  • This technique is relevant for templating, encapsulation, and understanding amphiphile structure transformations.