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Circulating oxidized LDL and inflammation in extreme pediatric obesity

Anne L Norris1, Julia Steinberger, Lyn M Steffen

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
|February 19, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Extreme pediatric obesity significantly elevates oxidative stress and inflammation markers like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in children. This suggests early cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risks in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

  • Oxidative stress and inflammation are critical in obesity-related complications.
  • These factors are not well-characterized in extreme pediatric obesity.
  • Early identification of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk factors is crucial in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare circulating levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in extremely obese (EO) children versus normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) children.
  • To investigate the association between extreme pediatric obesity and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 225 children and adolescents (age 13.5 ± 2.5 years).
  • Participants classified into NW (<85th BMI percentile), OW/OB (85th to <1.2 times 95th percentile), and EO (≥1.2 times 95th percentile or BMI ≥35 kg/m²).
  • Measured oxLDL, CRP, IL-6, BMI, blood pressure, and fasting glucose, insulin, and lipids; analyzed using analysis of covariance adjusted for gender, age, and race.

Main Results:

  • Blood pressure, insulin, and lipids worsened significantly across BMI groups (P < 0.0001).
  • Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher in EO children compared to NW and OW/OB groups (P < 0.01).
  • Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was significantly higher in EO children compared to NW and OW/OB groups (P < 0.0001), but not different between NW and OW/OB.

Conclusions:

  • Extreme pediatric obesity is associated with significantly higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation compared to milder obesity and normal weight.
  • These findings suggest that early markers of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus are present in extremely obese children.
  • This highlights the need for early intervention and management strategies for extreme pediatric obesity.

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