Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly01:19

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...
Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors01:22

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Study of different substituted cyclic and acyclic benzylpronucleotides of d4T relative to their hydrolytic stability and antiviral activity.

Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids·2003
Same author

Synthesis, biological activity, pharmacokinetic properties and molecular modelling studies of novel 1H,3H-oxazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazoles: non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy·2003
Same author

Bicyclic nucleoside inhibitors of varicella-zoster virus (VZV): Pd-catalysed synthesis of 5-aryl derivatives and their biological evaluation.

Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy·2003
Same author

Cytotoxic 4'-aminochalcones and related compounds.

Die Pharmazie·2003
Same author

Bicyclic nucleoside inhibitors of varicella-zoster virus: effect of terminal aryl substitution in the side-chain.

Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy·2003
Same author

Role of MRP4 and MRP5 in biology and chemotherapy.

AAPS pharmSci·2002

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

Evaluation of Compounds Against Recombinant HIV Reverse Transcriptase.

J Balzarini

    Methods in Molecular Medicine
    |February 19, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    Reverse transcriptase (RT) is a key target for AIDS chemotherapy, as it enables HIV replication. Inhibiting RT stops the creation of proviral DNA, crucial for viral proliferation.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Virology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Reverse transcriptase (RT) is essential for the HIV replicative cycle.
    • RT's inhibition is a primary strategy in AIDS chemotherapy.
    • The enzyme's activity is critical for converting viral RNA into DNA.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To detail the enzymatic activities of reverse transcriptase.
    • To highlight RT as a therapeutic target for HIV.
    • To explain the mechanism of proviral DNA formation.

    Main Methods:

    • Enzymatic assays to characterize RT functions.
    • Analysis of the HIV replication pathway.
    • Biochemical studies on enzyme kinetics.

    Main Results:

    More Related Videos

    Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
    10:29

    Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

    Published on: May 9, 2025

    Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy
    12:03

    Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy

    Published on: September 5, 2016

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

    Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
    05:46

    Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

    Published on: April 9, 2014

    Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
    10:29

    Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

    Published on: May 9, 2025

    Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy
    12:03

    Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy

    Published on: September 5, 2016

    • RT possesses three distinct enzymatic activities: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (RDDP), DNA-dependent DNA polymerase (DDDP), and RNaseH.
    • RDDP synthesizes DNA from an RNA template.
    • RNaseH degrades the RNA strand in DNA-RNA hybrids, facilitating DNA synthesis completion.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding RT's multi-faceted enzymatic activities is crucial for developing effective antiviral therapies.
    • Targeting RT effectively blocks HIV replication by preventing proviral DNA synthesis.
    • RT's role in converting the viral genome to double-stranded DNA is a critical step targeted by anti-HIV drugs.