Induction of anti-tumor immunity and T-cell responses using nanodelivery systems engrafting TLR-5 ligand

Induction of activated T-cell responses is a prerequisite for the development of vaccine against intracellular infection and for the control of cancer. Particulate nanoscale delivery systems deliver antigens intracellularly and help in inducing T-cell responses. T-cell responses can be further augmented by targeting these particles to dendritic cells, which have the ability to induce both innate and adaptive immune responses. Flagellin, which acts as a TLR-5 ligand, has been extensively explored for its adjuvant activity. The paper under evaluation reports a novel vaccine delivery platform technology for induction of a T-cell response using a nanoscale liposome containing antigen and a small synthetic peptide representing TLR-5-binding motifs of flagellin. Vaccination using this nanodelivery system activated dendritic cells through TLR-5 activation and induced both innate and adaptive immune responses. Such novel delivery systems can improve modern vaccine formulation, particularly for the generation of activated T-cell responses and anti-tumor immunity.