Histologic evaluation of inferior alveolar lymphatics: an anatomic study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of a lymphatic system within the inferior alveolar canal, using specific immunohistochemical staining. Lymphatic capillaries are characterized by a thin wall with an irregular profile. They are superficial to organs and collect the lymph. Currently, the lymphatic system of the mandible and the floor of the mouth are attributed to the periosteum. The inferior alveolar canal within the mandible houses the inferior alveolar nerve, artery, and vein. Owing to the surgical vulnerability of the canal, several recent studies have focused on defining the exact contents and arrangements within the canal as well as precise measurements of the diameter of its components. No study has been performed on the existence of a lymphatic system within the inferior alveolar canal, the presence of which has significant importance for surgical management of malignant lesions. Presence of lymph channels would make the inferior alveolar nerve a potential route for spreading malignant cells. In this study, podoplanin-positive thin-walled vessels, considered to be lymphatic vessels, were traced within the inferior alveolar canal.