Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands01:17

Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands

The adrenal or supra-renal glands, situated above the kidneys and aligned with the twelfth rib, are paired pyramid-shaped structures crucial for the body's stress response. During stress, these glands secrete hormones vital for adaptive physiological reactions.
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct regions...
Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands01:31

Hormones of the Adrenal Glands

Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and corticosterone...
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla01:27

Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla

The sympathetic pathways of the collateral ganglia and adrenal medulla serve unique but interconnected roles in the sympathetic response.
Collateral Ganglia
Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.
The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Recommendations From the Blue Ribbon Panel on Fluoroscopy Safety.

Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR·2026
Same author

Prevalence of Malignancy Among Incidental Indeterminate Adrenal Nodules on Contrast-Enhanced CT in Patients Without Known Cancer: A Multiinstitutional Study.

AJR. American journal of roentgenology·2025
Same author

Assessing the malignancy rate of adrenal nodules in patients with a history of cancer: factors associated with adrenal metastases.

Abdominal radiology (New York)·2025
Same author

Response to Commentary on Economic Cycles and Job Placement in Academic Radiology.

Academic radiology·2025
Same author

Cost-Effectiveness of Follow-Up Imaging for Incidental Adrenal Nodules to Rule Out Adrenocortical Carcinoma.

Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR·2025
Same author

Correlating Economic Cycles with Job Placement in Academic Radiology: Implications for Graduating Residents' Recruitment and Mentorship.

Academic radiology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

Incidentally discovered adrenal mass.

Julie H Song1, William W Mayo-Smith

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital-Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA. jsong2@lifespan.org

Radiologic Clinics of North America
|February 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adrenal masses are frequently found incidentally during imaging. This review covers modern imaging techniques and the best approach to diagnose these common, mostly benign, adrenal lesions.

More Related Videos

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
09:31

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

Published on: March 30, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
09:31

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

Published on: March 30, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Adrenal masses are common incidental findings on cross-sectional imaging.
  • The majority of adrenal masses are benign, with adenomas being the most frequent type.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial to differentiate benign lesions from those requiring intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss contemporary adrenal imaging modalities.
  • To outline an optimal diagnostic algorithm for incidentally detected adrenal masses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on adrenal imaging.
  • Discussion of diagnostic criteria for various adrenal lesions.
  • Presentation of a structured workup algorithm.

Main Results:

  • Several imaging techniques enable accurate characterization of adrenal masses.
  • A systematic approach can effectively differentiate benign from potentially malignant lesions.
  • Adenomas represent the most common benign adrenal mass.

Conclusions:

  • Incidental adrenal masses require a structured diagnostic approach.
  • Contemporary imaging plays a vital role in characterizing these lesions.
  • The proposed algorithm aids in appropriate patient management.