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Pathogenic free-living amoebae.

K I Im1

  • 1Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.

Kisaengch'Unghak Chapchi. the Korean Journal of Parasitology
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
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Pathogenic free-living amoebae, including Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba culbertsoni, were isolated and identified in Korea. Some strains proved pathogenic in mice, highlighting factors influencing virulence and potential for immunization.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Pathogenic free-living amoebae (FLA) pose a significant public health concern.
  • Studies on FLA in Korea are limited, necessitating further investigation into local strains and their pathogenicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review studies on pathogenic FLA in Korea.
  • To isolate and identify pathogenic amoebae from environmental sources.
  • To assess the pathogenicity and virulence factors of isolated amoebae in experimental models.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and morphological identification of amoebae from sewage, reservoir, and fish.
  • Experimental inoculation of mice to determine pathogenicity and virulence.
  • Enzyme activity assays (acid phosphatase, peroxidase, ATPase) and assessment of cytolytic activity.

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  • In vitro and in vivo studies on cellular and humoral responses.

    • Main Results:

    • One strain of Naegleria fowleri and three strains of Acanthamoeba culbertsoni were isolated and identified.
    • Three of the four isolated strains were pathogenic in mice, causing primary amoebic meningoencephalitis.
    • Virulence of Naegleria fowleri was influenced by mouse factors and inoculum size.
    • Acanthamoeba culbertsoni exhibited cytolytic activity linked to pathogenicity and possessed various enzyme activities.
    • A case of systemic Acanthamoeba infection in Korea was documented.
    • Immunization demonstrated a potential to reduce mortality in experimentally infected mice.

    Conclusions:

    • Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba culbertsoni are present and pathogenic in Korea.
    • Understanding virulence factors and host responses is crucial for managing amoebic infections.
    • Immunization strategies show promise in mitigating the impact of these infections.