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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Measurement of the Hand Transmitted Vibration of the Human Hand Arm System During Operation of a Hand Tractor
09:35

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Published on: June 16, 2021

Variability in hand-arm vibration during grinding operations.

Ingrid Liljelind1, Jens Wahlström, Leif Nilsson

  • 1Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden. ingrid.liljelind@envmed.umu.se

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene
|February 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hand-arm vibration (HAV) exposure during grinding is not affected by work posture. Grinding wheel wear significantly impacts HAV levels, but nearly 40% of exposure variability remains unexplained, complicating risk assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Ergonomics
  • Vibration Engineering

Background:

  • Hand-arm vibration (HAV) exposure measurements from tools are often single-occasion, limiting precision.
  • Understanding exposure determinants is key to improving workplace conditions.
  • This study assesses HAV exposure during grinding to estimate variance and evaluate work posture effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess hand-arm vibration (HAV) exposure during various grinding operations.
  • To estimate variance components of HAV exposure.
  • To evaluate the influence of work postures on HAV exposure levels.

Main Methods:

  • Ten operators performed simulated grinding tasks using two angle grinders.
  • Two work postures were tested: standard workbench (low) and elevated arms (high).
  • Measurements followed ISO 5349, using mixed- and random-effects models to analyze variance.

Main Results:

  • Work posture (low vs. high) did not significantly affect HAV exposure (3.2 vs. 3.3 m s(-2)).
  • Grinding wheel wear explained 47% of exposure variability, while operator and grinder explained only 12%.
  • A significant portion (41%) of exposure variability remained unexplained.

Conclusions:

  • Work posture is not a significant factor in HAV exposure during grinding.
  • Grinding wheel wear is a major contributor to HAV variability, yet significant unexplained variance persists.
  • High variability in HAV exposure complicates accurate risk assessment for both groups and individuals.