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[Comparing audiological evaluation and screening: a study on presbycusis].

Alessandra Giannella Samelli¹, Camila Aparecida Negretti, Kerli Saori Ueda

¹Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

|February 23, 2011

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A hearing loss screening questionnaire identified 56% of cases in older adults, but audiological evaluation revealed a much higher prevalence of 95%. The questionnaire proved invalid for accurately assessing hearing loss in primary care settings.

Area of Science:

Gerontology
Audiology
Public Health

Background:

Presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss, is highly prevalent in the elderly population.
Early identification of hearing loss is crucial for mitigating its negative impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the prevalence of hearing loss in elderly individuals in Butantan using both a screening questionnaire and audiological evaluation.
To assess the validity of the questionnaire as a screening tool for hearing loss by comparing its results with audiological tests.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted.
Two groups of elderly participants (over 60) were randomly selected: 200 for questionnaire screening and 100 for audiological testing.
Results from the questionnaire and audiological evaluation were compared.

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Main Results:

The screening questionnaire identified a 56% prevalence of hearing loss.
Audiological evaluation revealed a significantly higher prevalence of 95% in the same population.
No statistically significant association was found between the questionnaire results and the degree of hearing loss.

Conclusions:

The audiological screening questionnaire demonstrated low validity in assessing hearing loss compared to comprehensive audiological evaluation.
The study highlights a substantial underestimation of hearing loss when relying solely on the questionnaire method.
Further research is needed to develop effective hearing loss screening tools for primary care.