Minimally invasive approaches to incisional hernia repairs

Incisional hernias are a common problem following abdominal surgery, occurring when the intraabdominal contents protrude through a defect created in the abdominal wall. Several advances in the last several decades have resulted in improved outcomes for repairing these hernias. Initially, the advent of prosthetic material allowed the abdominal wall to be closed without tension. The utilization of laparoscopic techniques decreased hospital stays and wound complications. Advances in mesh technology have also aided in treatment strategies and options. However, the perfect mesh has yet to be invented. Further investigation and collaboration are required to create a material that is stable, does not alter the mechanics of the abdominal wall, is resistant to infection, and promotes adequate tissue ingrowth without adhesion or fistula formation. This review describes patient selection, preoperative preparation, mesh selection, surgical techniques, and common complications of minimally invasive approaches to incisional hernias.