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Inheritance

Inheritance

Gregor Mendel's pioneering work on the principles of inheritance fundamentally transformed our understanding of how traits are transmitted from generation to generation. His experiments with pea plants laid the groundwork for the discovery of genes, discrete units within organisms that control heredity.
Each gene exists in pairs, and the combination of these genes from both parents forms an individual's genotype. This genotype is a blueprint of potential traits. Examples of genotype traits...

Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

In 1866, Gregor Mendel published the results of his pea plant breeding experiments, providing evidence for predictable patterns in the inheritance of physical characteristics. The significance of his findings was not immediately recognized. In fact, the existence of genes was unknown at the time. Mendel referred to hereditary units as “factors.”

Non-nuclear Inheritance

Non-nuclear Inheritance

Most DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell. However, some organelles in the cell cytoplasm⁠—such as chloroplasts and mitochondria⁠—also have their own DNA. These organelles replicate their DNA independently of the nuclear DNA of the cell in which they reside. Non-nuclear inheritance describes the inheritance of genes from structures other than the nucleus.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Published on: March 24, 2023

A transfer function approach to measuring cell inheritance.

Paul Rees¹, M Rowan Brown, Huw D Summers

¹Centre for Nanohealth, School of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK. p.rees@swansea.ac.uk

BMC Systems Biology

|February 24, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a high-throughput flow cytometry method to quantify cellular material inheritance during cell division. This technique accurately measures endosome inheritance ratios, offering statistically robust insights into cell population dynamics.

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

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Published on: July 30, 2016

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Biophysics
Quantitative Biology

Background:

Cellular material inheritance during mitosis shapes cell properties and population lineage.
Understanding inheritance is crucial for studying disease progression and drug effects.
Traditional methods like time-lapse microscopy lack statistical power due to low event capture.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a high-throughput method for measuring cellular material inheritance during mitosis.
To apply a transfer function approach with fluorescence measurements for deconvolution of inheritance.
To validate the method by measuring endosome inheritance in a human cell line.

Main Methods:

Utilizing high-throughput fluorescence measurement via flow cytometry.
Employing quantum dot markers to target specific cellular components.
Applying a transfer function to fluorescence intensity data to determine inheritance ratios.

Main Results:

Successfully measured the ratio of endosomes inherited by daughter cells during mitosis.
CdTe/ZnS quantum dots were used as markers in the U2-OS cell line.
Results showed excellent agreement with a complex stochastic model.

Conclusions:

A transfer function approach enables statistically relevant measurements of cellular material inheritance.
This high-throughput method is applicable to various cellular components like organelles and proteins.
The technique can also track the inheritance of particles used in drug delivery systems.