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Monochloroacetic acid exposure: a case report.

G D Kusch1, L P McCarty, J M Lanham

  • 1Medical Department, Dow Chemical Company, Plaquemine, LA 70765-0150.

Polish Journal of Occupational Medicine
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Monochloroacetic acid (MCA) exposure can cause severe burns and be lethal. This case report details the survival of a patient with significant MCA exposure, offering insights into its toxicology and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Chemical Injury
  • Case Report

Background:

  • Monochloroacetic acid (MCA) exposure can result in severe chemical burns and systemic toxicity.
  • Lethal outcomes are possible even with limited body surface area exposure (<10%).
  • Limited data exists on MCA toxicity mechanisms and effective treatments.

Observation:

  • This report details a case of survival after substantial monochloroacetic acid exposure.
  • The patient experienced significant chemical burns and systemic toxicity.
  • Clinical course and management strategies are presented.

Findings:

  • The precise mechanism of MCA toxicity remains poorly understood.
  • Attempts to link MCA toxicity to monofluoroacetic acid have produced inconsistent findings.
  • No definitive antidote for MCA poisoning has been established, though ethanol and glycerol monoacetate have been proposed.

Implications:

  • This case provides valuable data for clinicians managing similar chemical exposures.
  • Understanding the toxicology of MCA is crucial for developing effective treatment protocols.
  • Further research into MCA's mechanism of toxicity and potential antidotes is warranted.

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