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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

MicroRNA Expression Profiles of Human iPS Cells, Retinal Pigment Epithelium Derived From iPS, and Fetal Retinal Pigment Epithelium
10:19

MicroRNA Expression Profiles of Human iPS Cells, Retinal Pigment Epithelium Derived From iPS, and Fetal Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Published on: June 24, 2014

Microarray characterization of human embryonic stem cell--derived retinal cultures.

Deepak A Lamba1, Thomas A Reh

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|February 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived retinal cells closely mirror fetal retina gene expression. This study validates a protocol for retinal cell differentiation, showing high transcriptome correlation and effective characterization using gene array profiling.

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Retinal development
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • Directed differentiation protocols for human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) aim to generate retinal cells.
  • Current characterization of these cells often relies on fewer than 30 markers, leaving their full transcriptional profile incompletely understood.
  • Assessing the comprehensive gene expression of ESC-derived retinal cells is crucial for evaluating differentiation efficiency and understanding retinal development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficiency of a retinal determination protocol for hESCs at the transcriptome level.
  • To compare gene expression patterns in hESC-derived retinal cells with those of developing human fetal retina.
  • To understand human retinal gene expression changes during development.

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Deriving Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) from Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells by Different Sizes of Embryoid Bodies
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Deriving Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) from Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells by Different Sizes of Embryoid Bodies

Published on: February 4, 2015

Generating Neural Retina from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Published on: December 22, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

MicroRNA Expression Profiles of Human iPS Cells, Retinal Pigment Epithelium Derived From iPS, and Fetal Retinal Pigment Epithelium
10:19

MicroRNA Expression Profiles of Human iPS Cells, Retinal Pigment Epithelium Derived From iPS, and Fetal Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Published on: June 24, 2014

Deriving Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) from Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells by Different Sizes of Embryoid Bodies
09:18

Deriving Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) from Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells by Different Sizes of Embryoid Bodies

Published on: February 4, 2015

Generating Neural Retina from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
05:03

Generating Neural Retina from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: December 22, 2023

Main Methods:

  • Total RNA was extracted from human fetal retina (60, 80, and 96 days gestation) and hESC-derived retinal cells (3 and 9 weeks post-induction).
  • Commercial microarray analysis was performed on extracted RNA.
  • Data normalization and analysis were conducted using Affymetrix Power Tools and commercial microarray software.

Main Results:

  • K-median clustering revealed a high correlation in gene expression between hESC-derived retinal cells and human fetal retina.
  • The developmental ages of the cultured cells corresponded well with the fetal retinal ages.
  • Only 1% of genes showed higher expression in ESC-derived cells compared to fetal retina, primarily in retinal pigment and ciliary epithelium.

Conclusions:

  • Gene array profiling is an effective method for characterizing the efficiency of directed differentiation of hESCs into retinal cells.
  • The study demonstrates a high degree of transcriptional similarity between hESC-derived and fetal retinal cells.
  • This transcriptomic comparison aids in validating differentiation protocols and understanding retinal development.