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Related Concept Videos

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
Healing II: Complications01:24

Healing II: Complications

Complications during healing arise when tissue repair is altered by local or systemic factors. These changes involve abnormal collagen deposition, altered biomechanics, and reduced vascular supply, impairing restoration of normal structure and function.Loss of FunctionScar tissue differs significantly from the original tissue it replaces. In the skin, fibrosis lacks adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Their absence reduces tactile sensitivity, impairs...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Using a 1064-nm Picosecond Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser for Periorbital Hyperpigmentation
04:43

Using a 1064-nm Picosecond Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser for Periorbital Hyperpigmentation

Published on: May 23, 2025

Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation: etiologic and therapeutic considerations.

Valerie D Callender1, Sharleen St Surin-Lord, Erica C Davis

  • 1Callender Skin and Laser Center, 12220 Annapolis Blvd., Glenn Dale, MD 20769, USA. drcallender@CallenderSkin.com

American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
|February 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common skin condition affecting darker skin tones. Treatments include depigmenting agents, procedures like chemical peels, and cosmetic camouflage.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Using a 1064-nm Picosecond Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser for Periorbital Hyperpigmentation
04:43

Using a 1064-nm Picosecond Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser for Periorbital Hyperpigmentation

Published on: May 23, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Hyperpigmentation Research

Background:

  • Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common sequela of inflammatory skin conditions.
  • PIH significantly impacts quality of life, especially in darker-skinned individuals, often presenting as a primary dermatological complaint.
  • Melanin production and deposition by melanocytes underlie PIH, manifesting as tan-to-dark brown epidermal or blue-gray dermal discoloration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms and treatments for postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
  • To highlight the prevalence and impact of PIH in diverse populations.
  • To discuss various therapeutic modalities for managing PIH.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
  • Analysis of depigmenting agents targeting melanin production.
  • Evaluation of procedural treatments and cosmetic camouflage.

Main Results:

  • Depigmenting agents like hydroquinone, azelaic acid, and kojic acid inhibit melanin synthesis.
  • Other agents such as retinoids, vitamin C, and niacinamide offer alternative mechanisms for depigmentation.
  • Chemical peels and laser therapy are effective procedures, though they can also induce PIH.

Conclusions:

  • PIH management involves a range of topical agents and procedures.
  • Understanding melanin production pathways is key to developing effective treatments.
  • Cosmetic camouflage offers an option for refractory cases of PIH.