Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 4, 2026
10:52
Chronic Constriction Injury of the Rat's Infraorbital Nerve (IoN-CCI) to Study Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain
Published on: September 21, 2015
Integration: a phenomenon to explore in chronic nonmalignant pain (CNP)
Kathy Deshaies1, Cheri Ann Hernandez
1St. Clair College, Windsor, Ontario, Canada. kdeshaies@stclaircollege.ca
Summary
Integration is a crucial process for healing after illness. This study explores its significance in chronic nonmalignant pain (CNP) management and recommends further research and measurement tool development.
Area of Science:
- Pain Management
- Psychology
- Health Psychology
Background:
- Integration is an ongoing process between illness diagnosis and healing.
- It has been studied in various conditions like Crohn disease, diabetes, and cardiac rehabilitation.
- The concept of integration has not been previously explored in chronic pain populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the utility of integration as a concept in chronic nonmalignant pain (CNP).
- To provide an overview of strategies used to investigate integration in CNP.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative studies on lived experiences of individuals with CNP were compared with integration theory.
- Literature review and theoretical comparison were employed.
Main Results:
- Comparisons affirmed the significance of integration as a concept in CNP.
- The findings suggest integration is relevant to the experience of chronic pain.
Conclusions:
- Integration is a significant concept for understanding chronic nonmalignant pain.
- Continued investigation into the integration process in CNP is recommended.
- Development of a valid and reliable tool to measure CNP integration is advised.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Analgesia and Pain Management
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
01:44Nociception
Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain. Thus, pain helps the...
01:20Pain
Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
01:24Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction
The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
01:12Chronic Inflammation: Introduction
Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...