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Aggressive cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report and a comprehensive literature review
Reza Ashrafi1, Pankaj Garg, Ewan McKay
1Aintree Cardiac Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Lower Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK.
Insights
Systemic lupus erythematosus can cause aggressive cardiomyopathy, even with normal coronary arteries. Early, high-level immunosuppression is crucial for managing this severe cardiac condition.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Presents a case of aggressive cardiomyopathy in a 35-year-old male with normal coronary arteries.
- Diagnosis revealed systemic lupus erythematosus-related cardiomyopathy.
- Highlights the potential for rapid progression and severe consequences of cardiac lupus.
Abstract:
Background. We present the case of a 35-year-old gentleman who presented with an aggressive cardiomyopathy with normal coronary arteries. He was later diagnosed with systemic lupus-related cardiomyopathy. Methods. We undertook an extensive review of the literature regarding cardiac manifestations of lupus and used over 100 journals to identify the key points in pathology, diagnosis, and treatment. Results. We have shown that cardiac lupus can be rapidly progressive and, unless treated early, can have severe consequences. The predominant pathologies are immune complex and accelerated atherosclerosis drive. Treatment comprised of high-level immunosuppression.
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