[The study on surface porosity of die stone. Influence of vinyl polysiloxane impression materials]

In this study, the authors have attempted to discover optimum conditions for eliminating all porosity, except what is caused by manual error, in the surfaces of Die Stone. Five vinyl-porisiloxane impression materials, two other kinds rubber impression materials, and two kinds of die materials were used. Die materials were poured at intervals of 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes after the impression had been removed. Cast-surface porosity was measured by means of SPICCA II. Results 1. Practically surface porosities were not scarcely observed in casts made from any of the impression materials except vinyl silicone rubber. Among the five vinyl-polysiloxane impression materials, Hydrophilic Exaflex produced the least porosity. 2. Porosity in casts made with Provil tended to decrease definitely as pouring time progressed. This tendency occurred with no other materials. 3. When the die material was mixed at a low water-powder ratio, cast-surface porosity was reduced in the case of all materials except President. 4. Concentration of hydrogen gas, which was released from all vinyl-polysiloxane impression materials, decreased with the passing of time. 5. In the case of Provil, a correlation existed between hydrogen-gas concentration and the degree of cast-surface porosity. But no similar correlation was observed in the case of any other vinyl-polysiloxane impression materials.