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[Rheological properties of elastomeric impression materials].

M Kikuchi1

  • 1Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.

Aichi Gakuin Daigaku Shigakkai Shi
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

This study measured rheological properties of dental impression materials, finding all pastes exhibit non-Newtonian viscosity. Understanding these flow characteristics is crucial for optimal handling and accurate dental impressions.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Rheological properties of elastomeric impression materials significantly influence handling and oral tissue adaptation.
  • Understanding the rheology of unmixed materials is key to ease of mixing, placement, and clinical success.
  • Flow characteristics impact impression accuracy and surface detail reproduction, influenced by working time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure rheological characteristics of unmixed elastomeric dental impression materials.
  • To correlate these rheological properties with clinical dental procedures.
  • To investigate the effect of filler content on rheological behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated polysulfides, condensation-cured silicones, and addition-cured silicone rubbers.
  • Prepared specimens with varying increments of SiO2, TiO2, or PbO2 fillers.
  • Measured viscosity using an Ishida-Giken cone and plate rheometer at controlled shear rates and temperature.

Main Results:

  • All tested impression pastes displayed non-Newtonian viscosity, with apparent viscosity decreasing as shear rate increased.
  • Pseudoplastic behavior was observed in Surflex F, Flexicone, and Exaflex base pastes; others showed thixotropic behavior.
  • All pastes exhibited a yield value, with Surflex F accelerator pastes showing a significantly higher yield value.

Conclusions:

  • Elastomeric dental impression materials demonstrate complex, non-Newtonian flow behaviors.
  • Rheological properties like pseudoplasticity and thixotropy are inherent to different material types.
  • Yield value is a critical parameter, particularly in accelerator pastes, affecting material handling and application.

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