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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
07:49

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Published on: October 14, 2014

Ingested allergens must be absorbed systemically to induce systemic anaphylaxis.

Richard T Strait1, Ashley Mahler, Simon Hogan

  • 1Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic IgA and IgG antibodies, not gut IgA, protect against food-induced anaphylaxis. This suggests increasing serum non-IgE antibodies may prevent severe food allergies by neutralizing absorbed allergens.

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
07:49

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Published on: October 14, 2014

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies
10:31

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies

Published on: October 25, 2018

Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation
04:34

Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation

Published on: September 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • IgE-mediated food allergy causes enteric disease and fatal anaphylaxis.
  • IgG antibodies can prevent anaphylaxis from injected antigens.
  • The role of IgA and IgG in food-induced anaphylaxis is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if IgA and IgG antibodies protect against ingested antigen-induced anaphylaxis.
  • To investigate if protection occurs before or after systemic absorption of antigens.

Main Methods:

  • Used murine models of passive and active anaphylaxis.
  • Studied serum IgA, gut IgA, and serum IgG antibodies.
  • Examined mice with altered IgA secretion and intestinal permeability.

Main Results:

  • Serum IgA and IgG suppressed IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and mast cell degranulation.
  • IgA antibodies within the gut lumen did not provide protection.
  • Protection was observed regardless of intestinal IgA secretion or permeability.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic antibodies (IgA and IgG) protect against food-induced anaphylaxis.
  • Ingested allergens must be absorbed systemically to trigger anaphylaxis.
  • Increasing serum non-IgE antibodies may offer protection against severe food allergies.