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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

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Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice
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Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Published on: March 17, 2014

Chronic rhinosinusitis.

Xinjing Wang, Garry R Cutting

    Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
    |March 2, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a common nasal inflammation, is linked to genetic factors and systemic conditions. Identifying these underlying causes is crucial for effective CRS management and treatment.

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    Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

    Published on: September 22, 2023

    Area of Science:

    • Otolaryngology
    • Immunology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a widespread inflammatory condition affecting nasal and paranasal mucosa.
    • Sinonasal inflammation is a frequent manifestation of various systemic diseases.
    • CRS etiology is complex, involving extrinsic (e.g., microbial infections) and intrinsic factors (e.g., genetic predispositions).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the intricate relationship between genetic factors, systemic conditions, and the development of chronic rhinosinusitis.
    • To highlight the significance of underlying systemic diseases in CRS incidence, severity, prognosis, and treatment.
    • To emphasize the importance of evaluating systemic conditions for optimal CRS patient management.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on CRS etiology, focusing on genetic and systemic influences.
    • Analysis of how genetic abnormalities and systemic conditions contribute to sinonasal inflammation.
    • Discussion of the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of identifying underlying causes in CRS patients.

    Main Results:

    • Genetic abnormalities, including common and rare variants, are associated with CRS development.
    • Systemic conditions such as cystic fibrosis, primary ciliary dyskinesia, asthma, and immunodeficiencies play a role in CRS.
    • CRS often presents as an overlap of multiple underlying mechanisms, not solely idiopathic.

    Conclusions:

    • Genetic factors and systemic conditions are significant contributors to chronic rhinosinusitis.
    • Identifying and managing underlying systemic diseases can improve CRS outcomes.
    • A comprehensive evaluation for systemic conditions is essential for otolaryngologists treating CRS patients.