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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs01:23

Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs

Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Pedigree Analysis01:35

Pedigree Analysis

Overview
Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
Sex-linked Disorders01:43

Sex-linked Disorders

Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.

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Paradigms for Behavioral Assessment in Drosophila Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:30

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Published on: September 6, 2024

Autism spectrum disorders--a genetics review.

Judith H Miles1

  • 1Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Child Health, Thompson Center for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Missouri Hospitals and Clinics, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. milesjh@missouri.edu

Genetics in Medicine : Official Journal of the American College of Medical Genetics
|March 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Genetic research is identifying more autism-related genetic changes, with new technologies aiding discovery. Clinical geneticists are crucial for interpreting these findings and advancing autism spectrum disorder research.

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Published on: June 15, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex, heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition diagnosed via behavioral phenotype.
  • High heritability suggests a strong genetic component, making ASD a focus for genetic research.
  • Initial genome-wide and candidate gene studies yielded slow progress in identifying common autism genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the evolving landscape of autism genetics research.
  • To emphasize the critical role of clinical geneticists in advancing the field.
  • To underscore the necessity of multidisciplinary approaches in autism research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genetic studies, including genome-wide and candidate gene association studies.
  • Application of new technologies like array chromosomal genomic hybridization.
  • Integration of clinical geneticist expertise in phenotype analysis and study design.

Main Results:

  • Most genetic discoveries stem from studies of known genetic disorders associated with autism phenotypes.
  • Advanced technologies have increased the identification of potential autism genes.
  • Approximately 25% of children with autism now have an identifiable genetic cause.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical geneticists are vital for interpreting complex genetic data and diagnosing autism spectrum disorders.
  • Expertise in pedigree analysis, phenotype assessment, and genetic modeling is essential.
  • Multidisciplinary research, including clinical geneticists, is accelerating neuroscience and autism research.