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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...

Olfaction

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury

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Published on: February 23, 2014

Olfactory ensheathing cell tumor: case report.

Takashi Yamaguchi¹, Hiroko Fujii, Kristine Dziurzynski

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.

Skull Base : Official Journal of North American Skull Base Society ... [Et Al.]

|March 2, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Subfrontal schwannomas may originate from olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), not Schwann cells, despite similar features. Negative Leu7 staining in these rare tumors suggests an OEC origin, aiding diagnosis.

Keywords:

Leu7 Olfactory ensheathing cell tumor olfactory ensheathing cell olfactory groove schwannoma subfrontal schwannoma

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Area of Science:

Neuro-oncology
Neurosurgery
Pathology

Background:

Subfrontal schwannomas, also known as olfactory groove schwannomas, are exceptionally rare tumors.
The precise cellular origin of these tumors remains debated, with several theories proposed.
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) have been suggested as a potential cell of origin for these tumors.

Observation:

A case study involved a 30-year-old female with a subfrontal, extraaxial, enhancing tumor.
Surgical resection was performed, and immunohistochemical analysis was conducted.
The tumor exhibited features suggestive of schwannoma (S-100 positive, epithelial membrane antigen negative) but was negative for Leu7.

Findings:

Standard immunohistochemical markers indicated a schwannoma.
Crucially, the tumor was negative for Leu7, a marker typically positive in Schwann cells but negative in OECs.
This specific immunohistochemical profile led to a revised diagnosis of an OEC tumor.

Implications:

Negative Leu7 staining in subfrontal schwannoma-like tumors is a key indicator of an olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) origin.
This finding suggests that many previously classified schwannomas at the anterior skull base might actually be OEC tumors.
Further research into OEC tumors could refine diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies for these rare neoplasms.