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[Preterm birth as a risk factor for high blood pressure in children: a systematic review]

Anna Paula Coelli1, Larissa Rangel Nascimento, Jose Geraldo Mill

  • 1Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.

Cadernos De Saude Publica
|March 2, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Prematurity, or birth before 37 weeks, may not directly cause childhood hypertension. However, more research is needed to definitively rule out any association between premature birth and high blood pressure in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Arterial hypertension is a chronic condition often originating in childhood.
  • Prematurity (birth before 37 weeks' gestational age) is a potential risk factor for hypertension later in life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the literature and identify the association between prematurity and high blood pressure in children.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted using MEDLINE, LILACS, and SciELO databases.
  • Original articles published between 1998 and 2009 in English, Portuguese, or Spanish were selected.
  • Nine studies (5 case-control, 2 cross-sectional, 2 cohort) were analyzed, excluding reviews and unrelated articles.

Main Results:

  • The majority of reviewed studies did not find a significant association between prematurity and childhood arterial hypertension.
  • Methodological diversity and a limited number of studies were noted.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not strongly support a link between prematurity and hypertension in childhood.
  • Further research with diverse methodologies is recommended to fully explore the potential influence of prematurity.

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