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Related Concept Videos

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
09:53

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge

Published on: June 15, 2018

Antisense Blockade of Expression : SNAP-25 In Vitro and In Vivo.

M Catsicas1, A Osen-Sand, J K Staple

  • 1Glaxo Institute for Molecular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland.

Methods in Molecular Medicine
|March 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Modern molecular genetics identifies novel gene products with unknown functions. Determining gene function is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms and physiological processes.

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
09:53

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Published on: June 15, 2018

TGF-β-mediated Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EndMT) and the Functional Assessment of EndMT Effectors using CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing
07:05

TGF-β-mediated Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EndMT) and the Functional Assessment of EndMT Effectors using CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing

Published on: February 26, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Modern molecular biology and genetics frequently identify novel gene products with undetermined functions.
  • Genetic linkage analysis can associate genes with diseases.
  • Sensitive cloning procedures identify rare genes in specific physiological or pathological contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of determining the function of newly identified genes.
  • To emphasize the role of gene function in understanding disease and physiology.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic linkage analysis.
  • Sensitive differential cloning procedures.

Main Results:

  • Novel gene products are increasingly identified.
  • Association of genes with diseases is possible through linkage analysis.
  • Rare genes in specific conditions can be identified via differential cloning.

Conclusions:

  • Establishing the precise function of identified genes is essential.
  • Understanding gene function is key to elucidating cellular mechanisms in disease and physiology.