Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preclinical Development: Overview01:28

Preclinical Development: Overview

Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium phase 1 study of CD40 agonist sotigalimab in pediatric and young adult patients with recurrent CNS tumors and newly-diagnosed DIPG.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2026
Same author

Rational engineering of the P5 TRS-mimic site and REP78/68 start codon yields promoter variants that improve rAAV purity while maintaining high titers.

Molecular therapy. Advances·2026
Same author

Developmental reprogramming underlies chemotherapy resistance in favorable-histology Wilms tumor.

Cell reports·2026
Same author

Capturing clinically actionable copy number alterations in Wilms tumor using nanopore sequencing.

Research square·2026
Same author

Target antigen-displaying extracellular vesicles boost CAR T cell efficacy in cell and mouse models of neuroblastoma.

Science translational medicine·2025
Same author

Paediatric Strategy Forum for medicinal product development of agents targeting GD2 ganglioside in children and adolescents with cancer.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)·2025
Same journal

Comment on: "The Efficacy and Safety of Bevacizumab/Irinotecan/Temozolomide (BIT) for Relapsed/Refractory Neuroblastoma: The UK Children's Cancer and Leukaemia Group Experience"-The Evolving Role of the BIT Regimen.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2026
Same journal

Extramedullary Intradural Spinal Tumor in an Infant With Neurocutaneous Melanosis.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2026
Same journal

The Role of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Ataxia-Telangiectasia.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2026
Same journal

Pediatric T-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma With T(9;17) and MIR142HG::NOTCH1 Fusion Successfully Treated by Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in First Complete Remission.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2026
Same journal

Reply to: Comment on: Investigating Biomarkers for Inborn Errors of Immunity in a Prospective Study of Patients With Autoimmune Cytopenia.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2026
Same journal

Comment on: Investigating Biomarkers for Inborn Errors of Immunity in a Prospective Study of Patients With Autoimmune Cytopenia.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
10:49

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia

Published on: September 18, 2013

Initial testing of lenalidomide by the pediatric preclinical testing program.

C Patrick Reynolds1, Min H Kang, Stephen T Keir

  • 1Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA. patrick.reynolds@ttuhsc.edu

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
|March 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lenalidomide showed no direct antiproliferative effects in vitro. In vivo, lenalidomide demonstrated limited antitumor activity in mice, suggesting its pediatric utility may rely on immune modulation rather than direct tumor cell effects.

More Related Videos

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs
10:44

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Published on: May 15, 2019

Development and Standardization of an Ex Vivo Micromethod for Intracellular Quantification of Vincristine in Primary ALL Cells by LC-MS/MS
08:24

Development and Standardization of an Ex Vivo Micromethod for Intracellular Quantification of Vincristine in Primary ALL Cells by LC-MS/MS

Published on: January 23, 2026

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
10:49

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia

Published on: September 18, 2013

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs
10:44

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Published on: May 15, 2019

Development and Standardization of an Ex Vivo Micromethod for Intracellular Quantification of Vincristine in Primary ALL Cells by LC-MS/MS
08:24

Development and Standardization of an Ex Vivo Micromethod for Intracellular Quantification of Vincristine in Primary ALL Cells by LC-MS/MS

Published on: January 23, 2026

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology
  • Immunomodulation

Background:

  • Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory agent with potential anticancer properties.
  • Investigated for various oncologic indications due to its pharmacological profile.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of lenalidomide against solid tumors and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) xenografts.
  • To determine if lenalidomide exhibits direct antiproliferative activity.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro testing of lenalidomide against the PPTP panel at concentrations up to 10 µM for 96 hours.
  • In vivo testing in mice at 30 mg/kg PO daily for 6 weeks against solid tumor and ALL xenografts.

Main Results:

  • No in vitro antiproliferative activity was observed.
  • Lenalidomide showed low in vivo activity, with significant differences in event-free survival (EFS) in 18.9% of solid tumor xenografts and 0% of ALL xenografts.
  • Best response was progressive disease with growth delay (PD2) in 10.8% of solid tumors and one ALL xenograft.

Conclusions:

  • Lenalidomide lacks direct antiproliferative effects in vitro.
  • In vivo, lenalidomide demonstrated minimal antitumor activity in immune-deficient mice.
  • Pediatric utility may depend on immune and stromal cell modulation rather than direct tumor cell effects.