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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:23

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
Gastritis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...

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Plaque Assay for Murine Norovirus
10:53

Plaque Assay for Murine Norovirus

Published on: August 22, 2012

Norovirus gastroenteritis accompanied by ischemic colitis: a case report.

Takahiro Zenda1, Shuichi Kaneko, Sakon Noriki

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Tsurugi Municipal Hospital, Hakusan 920-2134, Japan. t-zenda@tsurugihp.jp

Hiroshima Journal of Medical Sciences
|March 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Viral gastroenteritis can trigger ischemic colitis, causing bloody diarrhea. This case highlights that bloody diarrhea doesn't exclude viral gastroenteritis, necessitating further research.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Viral gastroenteritis is typically associated with non-bloody diarrhea.
  • Ischemic colitis is a condition involving reduced blood flow to the colon.

Observation:

  • A 57-year-old woman presented with symptoms of viral gastroenteritis, including vomiting and abdominal cramps.
  • Despite initial norovirus gastroenteritis diagnosis, endoscopic and pathological findings revealed left-sided ischemic colitis.
  • The patient recovered with supportive care alone.

Findings:

  • The case suggests that severe viral gastroenteritis may precipitate ischemic colitis.
  • Mechanisms may include intensified peristalsis, increased intraluminal pressure, hypovolemia, and hemoconcentration.
  • Bloody diarrhea can occur in viral gastroenteritis, challenging conventional diagnostic assumptions.

Implications:

  • Physicians should consider ischemic colitis in patients with viral gastroenteritis presenting with bloody diarrhea.
  • Diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis should not solely rely on the absence of bloody stools.
  • Further research is needed to determine the incidence of ischemic colitis in viral gastroenteritis cases.