Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses
Published on: January 20, 2017
A note on the use of optimal control on a discrete time model of influenza dynamics
Paula A González-Parra1, Sunmi Lee, Leticia Velázquez
1Program in Computational Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0514, USA. paulag817@gmail.com
Abstract:
A discrete time Susceptible - Asymptomatic - Infectious - Treated - Recovered (SAITR) model is introduced in the context of influenza transmission. We evaluate the potential effect of control measures such as social distancing and antiviral treatment on the dynamics of a single outbreak. Optimal control theory is applied to identify the best way of reducing morbidity and mortality at a minimal cost. The problem is solved by using a discrete version of Pontryagin's maximum principle. Numerical results show that dual strategies have stronger impact in the reduction of the final epidemic size.
Related Concept Videos
Parameters Affecting Nonlinear Elimination: Zero-Order Input, First-Order Absorption and Two-Compartment Model
When a drug is administered through a constant intravenous infusion and eliminated via nonlinear pharmacokinetics, it follows zero-order input. For example, oral drugs undergo first-order absorption upon administration and are eliminated through nonlinear pharmacokinetics.
In the case of subcutaneously administered drugs,...
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models
Pharmacodynamic Models: Overview
Pharmacodynamic Models: Linear Concentration–Effect Model
Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions
BIBO stability of continuous and discrete -time systems
To determine the BIBO stability, the convolution integral is utilized when a bounded continuous-time input is applied to a Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) system.

