Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Linearization and Approximation01:26

Linearization and Approximation

Linearization is a mathematical technique used to approximate complex, nonlinear functions with simpler linear models in the vicinity of a chosen reference point. The method is based on the idea that, although a function may be difficult to evaluate exactly, its behavior near a specific input value can often be closely approximated by the tangent line at that point. This approach is particularly useful when small deviations from a known value are involved.Consider the square root function, for...
Constraints and Statical Determinacy01:26

Constraints and Statical Determinacy

In structural engineering, the equilibrium of a system is not only determined by its equations of equilibrium but also with the help of constraints. Constraints refer to restrictions on the motion of a system. The proper combinations of constraints can minimize the total number of constraints needed to maintain a system in mechanical equilibrium. When this happens, the system is said to be statically determinate. For such systems, the unknown reaction supports can be estimated using equilibrium...
Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines01:21

Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines

Consider a single-phase, two-wire, lossless transmission line terminated by an impedance at the receiving end and a source with Thevenin voltage and impedance at the sending end. The line, with length, has a surge impedance and wave velocity determined by the line's inductance and capacitance.
At the receiving end, the boundary condition states that the voltage equals the product of the receiving-end impedance and current. This relationship is expressed as a function of the incident and...
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear.
Linear Approximation in Time Domain01:21

Linear Approximation in Time Domain

Nonlinear systems often require sophisticated approaches for accurate modeling and analysis, with state-space representation being particularly effective. This method is especially useful for systems where variables and parameters vary with time or operating conditions, such as in a simple pendulum or a translational mechanical system with nonlinear springs.
For a simple pendulum with a mass evenly distributed along its length and the center of mass located at half the pendulum's length, the...
Application of Linearization and Approximation01:29

Application of Linearization and Approximation

A drone flying through complex terrain often relies on more than one sensing method to estimate small changes in altitude. Along with direct measurements, air pressure provides a useful indirect indicator of vertical movement. Atmospheric pressure decreases as altitude increases, and this relationship is commonly described using an exponential model. Although accurate, converting pressure measurements into altitude values requires calculations that are too complex to perform repeatedly during...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Introduction to the Special Issue on climate change: How the sound of the planet reflects the health of the planet.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

Bayesian inference for acoustic monitoring of above-ground biomass in a seagrass meadow over two annual cyclesa).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2025
Same author

Introduction to the special issue on assessing sediment heterogeneity on continental shelves and slopesa).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2025
Same author

Passive acoustic estimates of sound speed from vertical line array data in the Nordic Seas.

JASA express letters·2025
Same author

Acoustic characterization of the New England Seamounts region.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2025
Same author

Investigation of surficial seabed heterogeneity and geoacoustic variability in the New England Mud Patcha).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2025
Same journal

High-resolution depth estimation for multiple wideband sources in deep sea via sparse Bayesian learninga).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Depression markers in speech: An approach based on tract variables dynamics.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

The oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau) alters active and diurnal calling amid vessel noise in New York City.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Experimental noise characterisation of phase-locked tandem-rotor in edgewise flight.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

The tune-text-temporal synergy: Prosodic effects of final segmental weakening in Neapolitan.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Monitoring vessel movement above critical offshore infrastructure using distributed acoustic sensing.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example
08:45

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example

Published on: October 24, 2012

Optimized constraints for the linearized geoacoustic inverse problem.

Megan S Ballard1, Kyle M Becker

  • 1Applied Research Laboratories, University of Texas at Austin, 10000 Burnet Road, Austin, Texas 78758, USA. meganb@arlut.utexas.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|March 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a new geoacoustic inversion method to determine sound speed in shallow waters. The technique improves upon existing methods by allowing for variations in both water and seabed sound speed profiles.

More Related Videos

Cortical Bone Assessment Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves: A Reproducibility Study in a Healthy Population
09:02

Cortical Bone Assessment Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves: A Reproducibility Study in a Healthy Population

Published on: January 31, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example
08:45

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example

Published on: October 24, 2012

Cortical Bone Assessment Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves: A Reproducibility Study in a Healthy Population
09:02

Cortical Bone Assessment Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves: A Reproducibility Study in a Healthy Population

Published on: January 31, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Oceanography
  • Acoustics
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • Geoacoustic inversion estimates underwater sound speed profiles.
  • Previous methods assumed known water column properties and smooth seabed profiles.
  • Solving ill-posed inverse problems requires careful regularization for stability and uniqueness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an improved geoacoustic inversion scheme for shallow-water environments.
  • To incorporate the water column sound speed profile into the inversion process.
  • To allow for discontinuous sound speed profiles within the seabed.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes a linearized perturbative technique based on Rajan et al. (1987).
  • Applies a background environmental model for the water column and seabed.
  • Introduces new constraints tailored for geoacoustic inverse problems.
  • Includes the water column sound speed profile and allows seabed discontinuities in the solution.

Main Results:

  • Successfully estimates depth-dependent sound speed in shallow-water waveguides.
  • Overcomes limitations of previous methods by including water column variations.
  • Accommodates non-smooth sound speed profiles in the seabed.
  • Demonstrates enhanced stability and uniqueness in solving the inverse problem.

Conclusions:

  • The enhanced geoacoustic inversion scheme provides more accurate sound speed estimations.
  • The method is applicable to complex shallow-water environments with variable sound speed profiles.
  • This approach advances the capability of underwater acoustic modeling and environmental characterization.