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A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds

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Probing the independence of formant control using altered auditory feedback.

Ewen N MacDonald¹, David W Purcell, Kevin G Munhall

¹Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Humphrey Hall, 62 Arch Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada. ewen.macdonald@queensu.ca

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

|March 3, 2011

Summary

The human motor control system can independently adjust the first (F1) and second (F2) formants in vowels. However, some shared processing exists for F1 and F2 control, as shown by correlated adjustments in perturbation experiments.

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Area of Science:

Speech production
Auditory feedback
Motor control

Background:

Vowel production relies on precise control of acoustic properties, specifically formants.
Understanding how the vocal tract motor system controls these formants is crucial for speech science.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the independence and coordination of the first (F1) and second (F2) formant control during vowel production.
To determine if individual differences in vowel production relate to formant control strategies.

Main Methods:

Two experiments involving auditory feedback perturbation of vowel formants (F1 and F2).
Experiment 1: Independent perturbation of F1 or F2.
Experiment 2: Meta-analysis of data with simultaneous F1 and F2 perturbation.

Main Results:

Talkers demonstrated independent control of F1 and F2, adjusting only the perturbed formant.
A moderate correlation in compensatory adjustments between F1 and F2 was observed when both were perturbed, suggesting some shared control mechanisms.
No significant correlations were found between compensation magnitudes and individual vowel space or natural production variability.

Conclusions:

The motor control system exhibits fine-grained, independent control over F1 and F2.
Shared processing likely underlies the coordinated control of F1 and F2 at some level.
Individual differences in vowel space or variability do not appear to predict formant perturbation compensation strategies.