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Related Concept Videos

Drag01:23

Drag

Drag is a resistive force opposing an object’s motion through a fluid, resulting from surface pressure and shear forces. It comprises two components: a perpendicular one from pressure and a tangential one from shear stress. Accurate drag calculations use pressure and wall shear stress distributions, often determined through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) or wind tunnel testing. The drag coefficient, a dimensionless measure, depends on factors like shape, Reynolds number, Mach number, Froude...
Drag Force and Terminal Speed01:18

Drag Force and Terminal Speed

An interesting force in everyday life is the force of drag on an object when it is moving in a fluid. Like friction, the drag force always opposes the motion of an object. Unlike simple friction, the drag force is proportional to some function of the velocity of the object in that fluid. This functionality is complicated and depends upon the shape of the object, its size, its velocity, and the fluid it is in. For most large objects, such as cyclists, cars, and baseballs, that are not moving too...
Correlation of Experimental Data01:23

Correlation of Experimental Data

Dimensional analysis simplifies complex physical problems and guides experimental investigations, but it does not provide complete solutions. It identifies the dimensionless groups that influence a phenomenon, but experimental data is needed to establish the specific relationships and validate theoretical predictions.
For example, a spherical particle moving through a viscous fluid experiences drag. Dimensional analysis shows that the drag force depends on the particle's diameter, velocity, and...
Static and Kinetic Frictional Force01:05

Static and Kinetic Frictional Force

One of the simpler characteristics of sliding friction is that it is parallel to the contact surfaces between systems, and is always in a direction that opposes the motion or attempted motion of the systems relative to each other. If two systems are in contact and moving relative to one another, then the friction between them is called kinetic friction. For example, kinetic friction slows a hockey puck sliding on ice.
However, if two systems are in contact and are stationary relative to one...
Measurement of Fluid Pressure01:16

Measurement of Fluid Pressure

Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
A basic form of manometer is the piezometer, a vertical tube open at the top and filled with the same...
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...

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Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor
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Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor

Published on: August 3, 2018

Viscometer using drag force measurements.

M H Noël1, B Semin, J P Hulin

  • 1Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Orsay, France.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|March 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel viscometer measures fluid viscosity using laminar flow forces on a sensor. This robust device accurately characterizes both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, even with minimal sample volumes.

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07:17

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Mechanics
  • Rheology
  • Instrument Development

Background:

  • Accurate viscosity measurements are crucial for understanding fluid behavior.
  • Existing viscometers often require larger sample volumes, limiting their application.
  • Developing precise instruments for small fluid volumes is an ongoing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a robust and precise viscometer design.
  • To demonstrate the device's capability with small fluid volumes (0.031 ml).
  • To validate the viscometer's performance with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing forces exerted by laminar flow within a small duct.
  • Measuring force on a long cylindrical sensor immersed in the fluid.
  • Testing two devices with volumes of 1.4 ml and 0.031 ml.
  • Operating at shear rates from 0.3 to 2550 s⁻¹.

Main Results:

  • Verified linear response for Newtonian fluids (viscosity 10⁻³ to 0.1 Pa·s).
  • Achieved 90% agreement with commercial rheometers for Newtonian fluids.
  • Successfully determined shear rate-dependent viscosity for non-Newtonian polymer solutions.
  • Identified power-law behavior and rheological parameters for shear-thinning polymer solutions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed viscometer is robust, precise, and effective for small fluid volumes.
  • The technique accurately measures viscosity across a wide range of shear rates.
  • The instrument is suitable for characterizing both simple and complex fluid rheology.