Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 4, 2026
06:27
Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells
Published on: May 6, 2013
Type 1 diabetes mellitus and pregnancy
Roberto Vargas1, John T Repke, Serdar H Ural
1Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penn State University College of Medicine Hershey, PA.
Reviews in Obstetrics & Gynecology
|March 3, 2011
Summary
Managing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in pregnancy requires intensive glycemic control and preconception planning. Tailored insulin regimens and counseling are crucial for reducing fetal risks and ensuring optimal maternal and infant outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Endocrinology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) affects 0.2% to 0.5% of pregnancies.
- T1DM pregnancies face elevated risks including preterm delivery, preeclampsia, macrosomia, and congenital malformations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current management strategies for pregnancies complicated by T1DM.
- To emphasize the importance of preconception planning and glycemic control.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent advances in insulin formulations and delivery.
- Discussion of individualized insulin regimen tailoring.
- Highlighting the role of intensive preconception counseling and follow-up.
Main Results:
- Intensive glycemic control and preconception planning significantly reduce fetal demise and malformations.
- Advances in insulin therapy offer more options for obstetric teams.
- Personalized insulin regimens enhance patient compliance and glycemic control.
Conclusions:
- Tight glucose control and preconception counseling are vital for managing T1DM in pregnancy.
- Individualized insulin management strategies are key to successful outcomes.
- Optimizing glycemic control minimizes risks associated with T1DM pregnancies.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
01:12Type I Diabetes I: Introduction
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
01:26Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
01:26Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction
Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...