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The effect of hyperglycemia on neonatal immune responses in-vitro

Petra Temming1, Birte Tröger, Susanne Thonnissen

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
|March 4, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Acute hyperglycemia may increase pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-8 in neonatal blood. This suggests glucose control is vital for infant health, impacting inflammatory responses.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Critical care medicine

Background:

  • Acute hyperglycemia is a pro-inflammatory state linked to poor outcomes in critically ill adults.
  • Neonates are vulnerable to infections and inflammatory responses.
  • This study investigates the link between neonatal glucose regulation and inflammatory cytokine production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the in-vitro effects of hyperglycemia and insulin on pro-inflammatory cytokine production in neonatal and adult blood.
  • To understand the role of glucose homeostasis in neonatal inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Whole cord blood from term infants, preterm infants (<32 weeks and >32 weeks gestational age), and adult controls was used.
  • Blood samples were incubated with varying glucose and insulin concentrations and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide.
  • Intracytoplasmic tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured via flow cytometry.

Main Results:

  • In-vitro hyperglycemia dose-dependently increased IL-8 in all groups.
  • Glucose stimulated TNF-α in preterm infants (≤32 weeks) and term infants.
  • Insulin had no significant effect on pro-inflammatory cytokine production.

Conclusions:

  • Acute hyperglycemia can induce pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in neonatal blood.
  • Findings support further research into glucose homeostasis's impact on neonatal outcomes.
  • Data provides a foundation for in-vitro and in-vivo studies on neonatal inflammatory responses.
Abstract

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