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[Disabilities in 830 severely retarded children]
1Division of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital for Mental, Nervous, and Muscular Disorders, Tokyo.
Insights
This study analyzed disabilities in severely intellectually disabled children in Tokyo. Findings indicate a rise in severe cases, highlighting the growing need for home-based day care services.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Developmental Disabilities
- Public Health
Context:
- Prevalence study of 830 severely intellectually disabled children (aged 6-14) in Tokyo.
- Severely intellectually disabled children defined by inability to walk and IQs < 35.
- Classification based on Ooshima's system, with a focus on severe intellectual disability.
Purpose:
- To analyze patterns of disabilities and complications in severely intellectually disabled children.
- To understand the current prevalence and characteristics of severe intellectual disability.
- To inform future service provision and support for this population.
Summary:
- 64% of children were bedridden with IQs < 20 (Ooshima's Class 1).
- Common complications include epilepsy (84%), feeding difficulties (46%), visual disturbances (40%), and respiratory distress (30%).
- 16% of children were institutionalized, suggesting significant care needs.
Impact:
- Suggests an increasing proportion of the most severe intellectual disabilities.
- Emphasizes the critical importance of developing and expanding home-based day care services.
- Informs public health policy and resource allocation for children with severe intellectual disabilities.
Abstract:
Patterns of disabilities in 830 severely retarded children aged 6-14 years identified through the prevalence study in Tokyo were analyzed. Severely retarded children were defined as those who neither capable to walk nor have their IQs over 35. Sixty-four percent of the total children belonged to class 1 of Ooshima's classification (bedridden and IQs less than 20) and most of the others belonged to class 2 of Ooshima's classification (those who able to sit alone and IQs less than 20). The percentages of the complications were as follows; epilepsy 84%, visual disturbance 40%, respiratory distress 30%, and feeding difficulty 46%. Sixteen percent of the total children were institutionalized. We conclude that the proportion of the most severe retardation has become larger than before and that the day care service for such children at their homes will be more important.
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