Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...

Viral Meningitis

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...

Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Molecular evidence of neuroinvasive Sindbis virus infection in humans: detection in cerebrospinal fluid by next generation sequencing.

Emerging microbes & infections·2026

Same author

Emerging therapeutic pipelines on kidney fibrosis: challenges in translational research.

Journal of translational medicine·2026

Same author

Afucosylated IgG in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome patients with anti-nephrin autoantibodies correlate with disease activity.

Journal of translational autoimmunity·2025

Same author

Fosfomycin in Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections in an Intensive Care Setting: Does It Improve the Outcome? A Retrospective Observational Study.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

New association of milk thistle and artichoke extracts enhances egg quality in caged-laying hens.

Frontiers in veterinary science·2025

Same author

Awareness of post-transplant endocrine disorders among kidney transplant clinicians: results of an Italian survey.

Journal of endocrinological investigation·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Published on: April 14, 2014

Monolateral visual loss due to cryptococcal meningitis.

Giuseppe Vittorio Luigi De Socio¹, Laura Bernini, Paola Menduno

¹Department of Infectious Diseases "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Perugia Italy, giuseppedesocio@yahoo.it.

Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (Chicago, Ill. : 2002)

|March 4, 2011

Summary

A case of Cryptococcosis-induced optic neuritis in an AIDS patient was successfully treated with antifungal therapy, combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and a short course of methylprednisolone, leading to complete visual recovery.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Published on: April 14, 2014

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Infectious Diseases
Neurology

Background:

Disseminated Cryptococcosis is a serious opportunistic infection in individuals with advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
Optic neuritis can be a rare but severe neurological complication of Cryptococcal infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
The advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has altered the landscape of opportunistic infections in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

Observation:

A 32-year-old male with newly diagnosed AIDS presented with acute, unilateral retrobulbar optic neuritis.
Visual loss rapidly progressed despite initiation of liposomal amphotericin B antifungal treatment.
Neuroradiological imaging confirmed retrobulbar neuritis.

Findings:

Initiation of cART alongside continued antifungal therapy and a short course of intravenous methylprednisolone resulted in progressive visual acuity improvement.
Complete clinical resolution of optic neuritis was achieved within 3 months of follow-up.
This case suggests that methylprednisolone can be safely administered in conjunction with effective antiretroviral and antifungal treatments.

Implications:

This case highlights the importance of considering opportunistic infections like Cryptococcosis in the differential diagnosis of optic neuritis in AIDS patients.
It demonstrates a successful multimodal treatment approach, including corticosteroids, for managing this sight-threatening complication.
The findings support the safety and efficacy of a limited course of methylprednisolone in resolving retrobulbar optic neuritis associated with Cryptococcosis in the context of cART.