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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

A Novel Approach for Documenting Phosphenes Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

A Novel Approach for Documenting Phosphenes Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: April 1, 2010

Improving visual sensitivity with subthreshold transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Arman Abrahamyan¹, Colin W G Clifford, Ehsan Arabzadeh

¹School of Psychology, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience

|March 4, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) below phosphene threshold can improve visual sensitivity. Applying TMS to the visual cortex enhances detection of visual stimuli when timed correctly.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Visual Perception
Brain Stimulation

Background:

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can induce phosphenes in the visual cortex.
High-intensity TMS above phosphene threshold typically impairs visual stimulus detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of sub-threshold TMS on visual sensitivity.
To determine if TMS below phosphene threshold can enhance visual perception.

Main Methods:

Human participants performed a visual stimulus detection task.
Adaptive staircase procedure varied stimulus contrast.
Single TMS pulse applied to visual cortex at or below phosphene threshold.

Main Results:

Visual stimulus detection was enhanced by TMS delivered to the contralateral visual cortex 100-120 ms after stimulus onset at intensities below phosphene threshold.
No enhancement was observed with TMS applied to the ipsilateral visual cortex.

Conclusions:

TMS-induced neuronal activity can interact with stimulus-evoked activity.
Sub-threshold TMS applied to the visual cortex can augment visual perception.