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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization

Published on: August 6, 2018

Attosecond emission from chromium plasma.

L B Elouga Bom¹, S Haessler, O Gobert

¹Institut national de la recherche scientifique–Centre Energie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, 1650 Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada.

|March 4, 2011

Summary

Researchers measured attosecond emission from underdense plasma, generating an attosecond pulse train using high-order harmonic generation. This technique offers a promising intense source for attosecond pulse applications.

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Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown

Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C₂, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown

Published on: February 14, 2014

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization

Published on: August 6, 2018

Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic

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Published on: August 25, 2016

Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown

Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C₂, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown

Published on: February 14, 2014

Area of Science:

Physics
Quantum Optics
Plasma Physics

Background:

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) is a key process for producing ultrashort light pulses.
Generating attosecond pulses from plasma sources is an active area of research.
Previous studies have explored HHG in various media, but plasma plumes offer unique properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To report the first measurement of attosecond emission from underdense plasma generated on a solid target.
To characterize the temporal properties of the attosecond pulses produced.
To assess the potential of plasma plumes as a source for intense attosecond pulses.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser focused on a weakly ionized underdense chromium plasma.
Employing the Reconstruction of Attosecond Beating by Interference of Two-photon Transitions (RABITT) technique for temporal characterization.
Analyzing the spectral and temporal profiles of the generated high-order harmonics.

Main Results:

Observed the formation of an attosecond pulse train from the 11th to the 19th harmonic orders.
Determined individual pulse durations of 300 attoseconds (as), close to the Fourier transform limit (1.05x).
Measured a low positive group delay dispersion of 4200 as².

Conclusions:

Demonstrated successful generation and characterization of attosecond pulses from underdense plasma plumes.
Highlighted the potential of HHG in plasma for creating intense attosecond sources.
Suggested plasma plumes as a viable platform for future attosecond science and applications.